The Use of Deception in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night Essay

The Use of Deception in William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Deception is a key theme in William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night. The characters must use deception to obtain good things, escape bad situations, or to play cruel hilarious ticks on other people. One example of deception is when Viola clothes herself in men's clothing in order to obtain a job under the Duke of Illyria, Orsino. During another scene Sir Andrew, Fabian, Maria, and Sir Toby Belch trick Malvolio into making a fool of himself. A third example of deception is when Feste the jester disguises himself as Sir Topas and taunts Malvolio. Each of these scenes and characters helps depict the different uses of deception.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first example of deception is Viola's decision to dress as a man. She must do this in order to survive. Viola is a young woman who narrowly escaped a shipwreck along with her twin brother, Sebastian. Unfortunately, the twins where separated during the shipwreck and each believes the other perished. Viola has no way of survival other than to dress as a man and serve Orsino. Viola says: "For such disguise as haply shall become the form of my intent. I'll serve this duke...for I can sing...That will help allow me very worthy his service". (Shakespeare, 54-59) While serving as a messenger between the Orsino and his love Olivia, Olivia happens to fall in love with Viola instead of the Duke. Later a captain finds Viola's brother, Sebastian, on the shore of Illyria. They both g...

Hamlet Essay -- essays papers

Hamlet William Shakespeare composed the play Hamlet, around 1600-1601. This play, named after his only son, in my opinion is one of Shakespeare’s best works. The play shows the literal as well as the realistic sides of people during this culture as well as those generations to come. During the play, Hamlet’s character went through several different transitions. In the beginning he was shown as a child, by his actions and curiosity, but towards the end of play his manhood begins surface and he begins to be aggressive at getting what he wants. Hamlet is full of mysterious relationships. Hamlets relationship with his so called friends (Rosencrantz and Guildenstern), his relationship with Ophelia (he proclaims his love at the end) and certainly his relationship with his father/uncle Claudius are all very mysterious in how they’re played out through their characters in the play. The relationship that stood out in my mind was the one between Hamlet and his mother Gertrude. Although Gertrude is the person that Hamlet has the most inner conflict with, he still loves his mother as most children do. As a mother figure, Gertrude is supposed to be the perfect one- with out any impurities or errors. When Hamlet realizes that his mother is a flawed, sinful women, who’s sexual appetite is so deviant she takes on her brother in-law, Hamlets whole view changes. How could the women who just buried her husband become a blushing bride so rapidly? After Hamlet contemplates all of this, how can he trust any woman when his own mother betrayed his father? When Hamlet has thoughts of his mother he is affected both emotionally and psychologically. He is affected emotionally because it is his mother, his own blood that is apart of the ... ... he over re-acts and the ghost of his father appears to remind him of why he was there. Gertrude senses Hamlets anger after he kills Polonius and asked what have I done? Hamlets reply was one full of grief, anxiety and anger. He begins to tell his mother of what he knows and what he expects from her. Not to share her bed with Claudius as well as take part in any more corruption. Gertrude then begins to see that her son is not mad with sickness, but is more mad with anger over her stupidity. Hamlet has let his mother become his main role model for all women in the world and that is why he is so negative towards women. Gertrude has influenced Hamlet more then anyone in the play. Although the influence is negative, it has made Hamlet look at other sides of people and take them for what they are. He has a better out look on life even though it has cost him greatly.

Influences on Human Nature Essay

Human nature is the central characteristics, including the ways of thinking, acting, and reacting that are shared by most or all human beings, and which humans display naturally. Each one of us is a unique being and various facets of human nature determine our individual personalities. The question posed by personality theorists is, what factors influence the development of our personalities? Simply stated, how did we become who we are? Who we are is not determined by any one characteristic or concept of human nature, but by combination of influences. Is human nature determined by our own free will or is it pre-determined by our past experiences and forces which we have no control? Are we dominated by our inherited nature and genetic composition or the nurturing environment of our background and education? Are we dependent or independent of our past? Is human nature unique or universal? Are our life goals motivated by the simple satisfaction of physical needs, or are we driven by a deeper need for growth and progress? Is man kind’s outlook one of optimism or pessimism? Do humans develop relationally or individually? Questions about human nature focus on these central issues and theorists attempt to answer this question, while defining their image of human nature. Free Will versus Determinism The ability to make choices unrestricted by certain factors is called free will. In contrast to free will, determinism dictates that there are forces over which we have no control. These forces externally shape our personality and that each event is determined by preceding events. How can we have free will if everything is determined for us? On the other hand, if everything is determined, how can we have free will? Free will and determinism are companions and you cannot have one without the other. We need to feel that our will is free and not determined for us. We need to be able to assign responsibility, bestow blame and praise, and allocate punishments and rewards. If we do not have free will, are we then not responsible for the choices we make? If we are not responsible for our actions, then we should not be punished when our behavior justifies it. The decisions we make, and the emotional reactions we feel, about the choices we make, are a learning process. When we make a choice, we learn from the outcome. The next time we are in the position to make a similar choice, we draw on our experiences and either choose similarly, or differently, depending on our previous outcome. In this sense, it can be said that determinism is a strong factor. The choice made is determined by the outcome of previous decisions. We cannot learn to choose more wisely, unless we can recognize a particularly good or bad choice. Gordon Allport held a balanced position on the free will versus determinism debate. Allport bestowed free choice in our considerations about our future. However, Allport also recognized that some behaviors are determined by personality traits and personal dispositions. Once the behaviors are formed, they are difficult to modify (p. 203). Inherited Nature versus Nurturing Environment For the purpose of the nature versus nurture debate, nature is defined as inherited traits and attributes. Nurture is the characteristics of our environment (nurturing influences of education, childhood, and guidance). Given that genetics and environment both influence human nature and personality, which plays a greater role? The genes we inherit determine physical characteristics about us from the color of our eyes, hair, and skin to how tall or short we will be. However, behavioral tendencies and personality attributes are not hard-wired. As human beings, we are features of our environment and the conditions by which we live shape our personality and our intelligence. We come by our personality traits through observed behaviors, not through genetic endowment. At birth a child’s mind is a blank slate. How he develops from birth is determined by the knowledge he obtains and his experiences. Adopted children support this position. A baby girl is surrendered by her biological parents and adopted. As she grows, she receives high marks throughout school and is accepted to a prestigious college. Is this child academically successful because of her genes, or is her success a result of the enriched environment her adopted parents provided? Adoptive and foster parents have a much greater impact on the personalities of their adopted and fostered offspring than the genes inherited from birth parents. The nurturing environment is the dominant influence on development and behavior. Erik Erikson supports this position in his theory. Erikson held that personality is affected more by learning and experiences and less by hereditary. Psychosocial experiences have a greater influence on personality, not biological forces (p. 172). Dependent versus Independent of Our Past Is personality more influenced by our past events? Or are people independent of the past, with personalities more powerfully shaped by events which occur later in life? For some, personality is dependent on childhood and subject to little change over the course of life. For others, personality is independent of the past. These individuals are influenced by their own experiences, as well as by their objectives and ambitions. For those independent of their past, early experiences do contribute to the formation of personality, but not permanently. On the issue of whether we are shaped more by past experiences, or events which occur later in life, there is no one size fits all answer. Every psyche is unique and each one of us draws on the more powerful determinant. Human nature is both dependent and independent of our past. In one individual the events he experiences in childhood and adolescent years may be a strong contributing factor to his personality. In another, the here and now events of her later life may be the stronger factor in who she has become. An example is given for both sides of the continuum. A brother and sister, one year apart, are raised by the same mother and the men who enter and exit their lives. The two children lead a dysfunctional childhood fraught with homelessness, neglect, poor adult guidance, and mental, physical, and sexual abuse. From adolescence on the brother takes a dark path. He murders a third sibling and is institutionalized. Within a short time of his release from the sanitarium, he commits arson (burns down his sister’s apartment) and is sent to state prison. Upon his release from state prison he leads the life of a drifting loner with anti-social tendencies. Now a 42 year old man he has no family of his own (a good choice given the danger he presents to others at times); possesses only an eighth grade education; is paranoid schizophrenic and suffers from delusions; and cannot maintain employment for extended periods of time. The male child is an example of historical determinism. The extremely unfortunate serious of events of his childhood have made him who he is. His personality is dependent on his past; it was mostly fixed in the early years and has changed little throughout his life. The sister half of the equation began her adolescent and early adult years coping with her past in her own dysfunctional way. While early on she turned to methamphetamine use and sexual promiscuity as escapes from the past, she made a cognitive choice in her 30s not lead the life of her mother. The trigger of a life change for her was predominantly self-motivated by her hopes and aspirations for a future. However, it was influenced by negative events she had experienced in her present situation, as well as positive relationships she formed. She is now 43 years old, married and has four beautiful children. She works full time, owns a beautiful home, is growing in Christ, working toward a college degree, and has goals and aspirations for a fantastic future. Her personality is one completely independent of the past; it was not fixed by the tragic events of her childhood. While childhood and adolescent experiences may have contributed negatively early on to shaping her personality, it was not permanent. She is influenced by events and experiences in the present and they have modified her early personality traits to make her a happy, healthy, productive member of society. Albert Bandura supports the position that behaviors can be modified. He believed that our self-efficacy and a set of ideal behaviors are established in childhood. However, these early experiences can be reversed later in life, and performance standards and behaviors may be replaced (p. 344). Carl Jung also believed we are affected more by our experiences in middle age and our hopes and expectations for the future (p. 102). Unique versus Universal The position that personalities are unique holds that each person’s action has no complementing action or behavior in any other individual. There is no comparing one person to another. The universal position follows that there are overall patterns of behavior among people. That within individuals of the same culture, there are similar identifiable behaviors. Is there such a thing as an innate universal characteristic of human nature? Our experiences shape our behavior; however, two people with a universal pattern (such as those from the same tribe); still grow into two separate and unique individuals. The human personality is both unique and universal. While fully functioning persons share some universal characteristics, we all possess traits unique to the individual. Maslow reinforces uniqueness of personality in his theory. Maslow believed that incentive and needs are universal, but how the needs are met differs between individuals because behaviors are learned. He went on to state that even self-actualizers, despite the fact they share certain abilities, do not have identical behaviors (p. 256). Satisfaction versus Growth Theorists break down the issue of our life goals to opposing motivating factors. Are we driven by satisfaction or growth? If satisfaction is the goal, we are content as long as balance is maintained and our needs are met. In contrast some theorists believe our major motivation is growth. The choice of growth or satisfaction is different from one individual to another. A man in his forties has a comfortable home, a family who love and respect him, plays golf on Saturdays, goes on vacation once a year, and has a job with a decent salary. While he has not reached his fullest potential, or all of the goals he initially set out to attain, this man is satisfied. His position is one that his needs are met, and he sees no need to expend the energy or stress for further growth or development. He may even ask himself, what more could I want? Sigmund Freud took the satisfaction position in his pessimistic view of human nature. Freud believed that we continually experience stress and conflict and that the ultimate goal was to reduce stress (p. 61). While some individuals are satisfied as long as their needs are met and they can sustain a stress free life, others crave knowledge and growth of body and mind. A woman in her forties is in a similar situation as the man in the above example. She has a comfortable home, a family who love and respect her, goes on vacation once a year, and a job with a decent salary. However, the woman is not satisfied. She is driven by her desire for growth, and the need to improve herself. She has aspirations for the future, a longing to help others, and recognizes she has not achieved full potential. While she can certainly live comfortably in her present situation, she knows that she has not reached self-actualization. She realizes that she would not only be cheating herself, but those who surround her and society, by not persevering until she reaches her goals. Carl Rogers supports this position in his theory. Rogers believed our outlook is progressive rather than regressive, toward growth rather than stagnation. In his opinion we seek challenge and stimulation, instead of the satisfaction of familiarity (p. 274). Optimism versus Pessimism For centuries theorists have examined the question of optimism or pessimism. Do humans have an essentially optimistic outlook on life, a positive, upbeat, and hopeful view? Or is the human personality one of a pessimistic outlook, a negative, hopeless view? On the issue of whether our virtues outweigh our shortcomings, in general most of us are optimistic. Collectively, we are socially conscious, unselfish beings with a drive to improve the world around us. People are basically good, caring, and kindhearted. To believe anything else would create a dark portrait of human nature, one of despair and hopelessness. Pessimists would argue that there are wars being waged all over the world, entire cultures being treated as second-class citizens, and poverty is rampant. However, these occurrences do not originate from our human nature. They are activated under given conditions, enabled or hindered by social environments. Gordon Allport presents an optimistic view of adults in control of their lives. We rationally attend to current situations, plan for the future, and form and identity (p. 203). Erik Erikson had an optimistic view of human nature. He believed that although not everyone successful in their goal to attain hope, wisdom, and the other merits of intrinsic worth, we all possess the ability to do so (p. 172). Individual versus Relational Personalities are formed both individually and relationally. When we are born we develop relationally. We form bounds with our parents, siblings, and care-givers relying on them for our needs. During this phase of life, how we grow individually is determined by these early relationships. In return, our relationships often motivate and nurture us to grow individually. For healthy development of the psyche, personalities must form individually and relationally. My own growth is an example of how this continuum is not a matter of individual or relational, but instead individual and relational. For more than ten years I was a lost soul struggling with methamphetamine addiction, depression, periods of homelessness, and all around selfish bad choices. During this dark period, I did not have healthy relationships. At that point in my life, I had lost sight of who I once was and did not like the person I saw in the mirror. When I made the decision to reclaim my life, initially I could not form healthy relationships, or repair damaged ones. I first needed to concentrate on healing myself and developing as an individual. During this healing period, I made a friend and my relational growth fostered my individual growth. Because of this one individual, I have grown individually and reached goals I never would have dreamed possible without the inspiration and love fostered by this relationship. We all have relationships which stimulate our individual growth. In contrast, there are also situations where we cannot develop relationally until we are secure as individuals. The individual versus relational issue was not a continuum addressed in the text book, nor could scholarly information on theorist’s positions on the question be found in my search. Conclusion Human nature is a combination of instincts and environment which compose how we decide on which actions to take. There is no right or wrong answer to the questions about human nature posed by personality theorists. It is easy to see why theorists such as Fromm, Murray, Jung, and Erikson leaned neither right nor left on three or four of the six issues. When first assigned the project, I held a firm position on where I stood on each of the issues. In an attempt to better understand the fundamental issues themselves, I began to read what surely amounted to hundreds of pages of material on the questions about human nature. These essays, papers, definitions, and postulates were written by psychologists, theologians, students, and (I’m ashamed to admit) the folks at Wikipedia and Ask. com. The more I read, the more I began to drift from my previous position on most of the issues. To counter this, I would read more viewpoints in a fruitless search to find something, anything, which held a firm position one way or another on any of the questions. I was desperate for an answer that would lead me back to a firm right or left position on the issues. I discovered that on the questions about human nature, there is no black and white answer; the answers are different for each of us.

Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment

Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment (EBPP) is the term used to describe the capability to present bills to customers and to facilitate their payment by electronic means. EBPP offers the opportunity to eliminate the costs associated with printing paper bills, reduce delivery delays and provide a channel for two way communication between suppliers and their customers on a one-to-one basis. From the customers’ perspective, EBPP can provide a simple way to manage and automate the payment of bills. EBPP Models There are five main types of EBPP service provided: 1.The Biller Direct Model in which billers provide their bills on their respective personalized web sites. 2.The Consolidator Model in which service providers allow customers to access and process bills from multiple billers. Within the consolidator model there are several sub-models these include: a)The Consolidator – Thin Client Model provides a site to which billers send their invoices for the customer to view at their leisure. Information at this site is summarized and the customer must visit the billers personal site to examine their bills in detail. b)The Consolidator – Thick Client Model provides billers with a site that host all the billers information. In this model paper bill scanning is not supported. c)The Customer Consolidator Model follows the same blueprint as the thick consolidator model but accepts both electronic and paper scanned bills offering the capability of viewing any bill online. The theory behind this model is that it will attract as many customers as possible in the short term and then streamline to purely electronic methods in the long term. d)The Consolidator Portal Model is a thin client consolidator model but hosted through a popular portal site, such as Yahoo. e)The Financial Institution Model like the portal model acts as a hosting site for consolidated bills. As the bills are placed on the customers bank site payment processing is speeded up while customer affinity with bill payment and banks strengthens consumer acquiescence. 3.The Consumer Centric Aggregator Model. Similar to the consolidator models yet different enough to be considered a separate EBPP approach. The CCA model shares many affinities with the banking consolidator model where billers send their invoices to the CCA site, rather than the consumer, and are paid directly from the site. The approach is equivalent in principle to Direct Debit payments in the UK. 4.The Email Based Model. In this model detailed invoices containing rich text graphics are sent to the customer then linked back to sites for online payment or detailed bill viewing. The medium may include intrusive direct marketing messages. 5.The Service Bureau Model. This model type is a new development in the world of EBPP and facilitates connection to large-scale consolidators for SME companies. In essence the Service Bureau manages its customers needs and offers an ASP model of EBPP.

Biopoem

Who would like to see himself as a personal trainer, his son more than once a week, a raise on his paycheck Resident of a rented house in a rundown neighborhood Doe (Section 1) After reading the bio-poem, describe John Doe without just copying the words from his poem. 100 words minimum. John is a broken man. He does not have any self-confidence. He seems to want good things out of life although he is not willing to work for it. He seems to quite whenever anything gets hard instead of fighting for what he wants he gives up too quickly. I believe that he loves his son very much ad he settles for whatever whoever wants. He isn’t fighting for more time with his son although that is what he wants. He seems to be stuck in a job that he really does not want to be in and he seems too scared to go after what he really wants out of life. (Section 2) In units 9 amp; 10 you learned that your future is up to you, and how to build your own self image. Using the ideas you learned in these units, what advice would you give to John and why? 100 word minimum. My advice for John would be to go back to school and get his personal training degree. Work very hard to accomplish his goals and dreams for a better job ad future. He needs to go to the court system and file for more visitation time with his son. He has as good as chance as anyone to fulfill his dreams and aspirations for his future. John seems to be a very good person who has a good heart and will do anything he can to help anyone I need. The reason I would give John this advice is because I some ways I am a lot like him with the wanting a better job and wanting to better myself for my child. After he gets his schooling over with he can get a better job and it would be very likely he could buy a house instead of having to rent I a bad neighborhood. (Section 3) Now that you have described John, you will write a bio-poem about you. Below is the bio-poem format for your reference. Your first name 4 words that describe you Son or daughter of†¦. Who loves†¦(3 things) Who feels†¦(3 things) Who needs†¦(3 things) Who gives†¦(3 things) Who fears†¦(3 things) Who would like to see†¦(3 things) Resident of†¦ Your last name Write your bio-poem below following the format given above. Hollie Hard working, kind, dependable, mother Daughter of a single mother and absent father Who loves her daughter, husband, animals Who feels loved, happy, tired Who needs a better job, more pay, and more time Who gives help to others, lots of love, understanding Who fears not being good enough, losing my family, failure of any kind Who would like to see world peace, less hunger in the world, a better economy Resident of a small rented farm house that needs a lot of work Allen (Section 4) After completing your bio-poem, read it over. Then reflect on what you are learning in Thought Patterns for a Successful Career. Now write some advice to yourself below. 100 word minimum I am learning that there really is more to me than I have ever realized. I am a good person and I actually care about others more than one should in my line of work. I have the tendency to get attached to the residents that I take care of more than you should. I am just as good as the next person. I am worthy as anyone else to have a better life all I have to do is go after it. As long as I apply myself to the best of my ability and work for it. I can do anything I set my mind to. I am going to show my daughter that no matter where you come from I this life if you want something bad enough and you go after it with your whole heart and put all you got in it you can accomplish anything. It really doesn’t matter if your childhood was grand or if you have had to fight for anything and everything you have always gotten anything is possible if you believe in yourself and apply yourself.

Emerging Network Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Emerging Network Technologies - Essay Example The answer was to use VPN over dial-up links, a cost-effective solution. The company did a pilot implementation with a VPN product from Cisco. Implementation: BPCL evaluated various options before selecting Cisco's VPN solution. They had to basically decide between two options, a software-based and an appliance-based VPN solution. Software based VPNs are offered by Computer Associates and CheckPoint and appliance-based solutions are offered by Nortel and Cisco. BPCL implemented Cisco's VPN 3030 Concentrator. It's a VPN platform for medium and large enterprises with bandwidth requirements from T1/E1 through fractional T3. The concentrator supports up to 1500 simultaneous sessions. It offers hardware acceleration and is field-upgradeable to the 3060. Benefits: BPCL has achieved faster deployment, lower cost of operations, and a scalable solution that supports up to 1500 concurrent VPN users and can be integrated with future security initiatives like digital signatures and secure ID cards. BPCL would have had to spend a substantial higher amount on VSAT links or leased lines at remote locations if it had not deployed a VPN solution. University of Minnesotta, is one of the premier universities of America offering a wide range of courses. The University of Minnesota is one of the most comprehensive public universities in the United States and ranks among the most prestigious. Product: University of Minnesota, which serves 60

Identity Theft in the Organization Research Paper

Identity Theft in the Organization - Research Paper Example However, in other organizations, this is something that is known. This is especially in hospitals where the patients use their social security numbers and in financial institutions. This paper discusses the issue of identity theft, how major institutions govern the information of clients and additionally, recommendations on how to stop identity theft. To start with, the organization can create the post of an ethics officer. The web surfing history of the employee is something that should be monitored closely if organizations want to be sure of the operations that an employee is carrying out. In addition, this is something that if an organization fails to adhere to, may lead to the loss of not only the data of the clients but the overall bad image of the organization. There are numerous ways and means of monitoring an employee’s web surfing and email history (Henk, Tilborg, & Jajodia, 2011, p. 1248). An ethics officer is someone who is employed by an organization to ensure that employees do not go against the rules and ethics of the workstation. This is a post that is however given to a very trusted employee since he or she is trusted to guide the other employees so as not to steal data from the organization. The workstation is something that is clearly important if the organization is dealing with matters that may lead to i dentity theft and therefore, there should be rules and regulations that govern the way the employees perform and conduct themselves. On the other hand, sometimes the employees fail to adhere to these rules and it is at this point that the ethics officer comes in. One of the major rules in an organization is that the employee should not in any way jeopardize the information of the client maliciously and use it for his or her own benefits. In other words, an employee should not be involved in identity theft. Monitoring the cookies information is also important Henk, Tilburg, & Jajodia, 2011, p. 1249).